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0 Those whom Allah has led astray (Surahs 38-39)

Episode 34: Those whom Allah has led astray (Surahs 38-39)

Surah 38: Sad

This is naught but an invention

1 Sad. By the renowned Qur'an.

2 Those who disbelieve are in false pride and schism.

3 How many generations have we destroyed! They cried, but there was no way for them to escape.

4 A warner comes to them, and the disbelievers say, "This is a wizard, a charlatan."

6-7 Their leaders say, “We haven't heard of this new religion. It's just an invention.” 8 So they doubt my [Allah's] reminder, eh?. Well, they'll find out when they taste my doom!

My previous dooms were justified

12-14 The people of Noah, A'ad, Pharaoh, Thamud, Lot, and the wood dwellers - they all denied the messengers, so my doom was justified. 15 They're waiting for one shout. There won't be a second one.

We forced the hills to sing with David

18 We subdued the hills to sing with David at nightfall and sunrise. 19 And he gathered all the birds together. 21 Have you heard the story about the litigants?

26 Those who wander from the way of Allah have an awful doom.27 Woe to the disbelievers. They will burn in the fire.

Solomon slashed their legs and necks

30 Solomon was an excellent slave. 31-33 Once some horses were shown to him, and he began to slash their legs and necks with his sword. 34 We tried Solomon, and he repented.

36 We made the wind obey Solomon.

Job, an excellent slave!

41 Oh, and mention our bondman Job, Muhammad, when he said, “The devil is tormenting me.” 42 Then someone said to him, “Kick the ground with your foot.” 43 And a spring sprung up and provided him with a cool bath and a refreshing drink. 44 After that someone said to him, “Smite something with a branch and don't break your oath.” We found him an excellent slave!

Dhu'l-Kifl

45 Mention our bondmen, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Ishmael, Elisha, and Dhu'l-Kifl.

Female companions with modest gaze

50-51 The occupants of the Gardens of Eden eat fruit and drink cool drinks, while enjoying the company of maidens with modest gaze. 52 This is what you are promised on the Day of Reckoning.

Lo! They will roast on the Fire

55-56 The transgressors will have an evil journey's end, where they'll burn in hell, an evil resting place. 57 They'll drink boiling water followed by ice water. 58 And other similar torments in pairs of extremes. 59 Lo! They will roast on the Fire.

Lo! I am about to create a mortal out of mire

71 Allah said to the angels, “I'm about to create a human out of mire. 72 When I'm done with that, fall down before him prostrate.” 73-74 And all the angels did, except for Iblis, who became a disbeliever.

75 Allah: Why didn't you fall prostrate before that which I created with both of my hands?

76 Iblis: I'm better than him. You created me from fire; you created him from clay.

77-78 Allah: Go away. You're an outcast until the day of judgment.

79 Iblis: Wait until the day they are raised.

80 Allah: Okay.

82-83 Iblis: Great. I'll beguile them all. Except for the single-minded slaves.

85 Allah: I'll fill hell with you and whoever follows you.

Surah 39: The Troops (Az-Zumar)

A threefold gloom

1 This scripture is from Allah. 2 It was revealed to Muhammad. 3 Religion is only for Allah.

4 If Allah wanted a son, he would have created one. 5 He forced the sun and moon into service.

6 He created you from one being, then from that being he made its mate. He made eight kinds of cattle. He created you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, in a threefold gloom.

8 Enjoy your disbelief now, because later you'll own the fire.

The first Muslim

12 I [Muhammad] am commanded to be the first Muslim.

13-14 If I [Muhammad] disobey my Lord [Allah], I fear the doom of a tremendous day.

Those whom Allah has led astray

15 The losers will be those who lose themselves and their families on the day of resurrection. 16 They'll be trapped in a sandwich of fire.

19 Can you [Muhammad] rescue those who are in the fire?

22 Woe to those whose hearts are hardened against the remembrance of Allah. 23 Those who have been led astray by Allah have no guide. 24 Taste the awful doom of what you used to earn. 25-26 Allah made those who denied Allah taste humiliation in this life and a greater doom in the hereafter.

A lecture in Arabic

27 We [Allah] have made this Quran a lecture in Arabic, containing no crookedness, so they can happily ward off evil.

32 Who does a greater wrong than someone who tells a lie against Allah? Won't the home of disbelievers be hell? 36 Those who are sent astray by Allah will have no guide.

An everlasting, awful doom

40 Woe to those upon whom an everlasting doom falls. 47 They'll try to ransom themselves from the awful doom.

53 Allah forgives all sins. 54 Surrender to him before the doom comes to you. 56 Or you might find yourself saying, “Alas, I was among the scoffers! 58 I wish I had a second chance!” 59 But my revelations came to you, and you disbelieved, denied, and scorned them.

Their faces blackened

60 On the day of resurrection, their faces will be blackened. Isn't the home of disbelievers hell? 63 Disbelievers are losers. 64 Say (Muhammad) to the disbelievers, “You fools. 65 If you say Allah has a partner, you're a loser.”

71 Disbelievers are driven to hell in troops. The word of doom is fulfilled. 72 So the scorners enter the gates of hell, a hapless journey's end.

A few more words about this episode

Sad (38:1)
This surah is well named. It's pretty sad.
(But actually its title is taken from a letter in the Arabic alphabet. No one knows why it was chosen or what it means.)
How many generations have we destroyed! (38:3)
Allah is proud of the strangest things!
Have you heard the story about the litigants? (38:21)
The nonsensical story about the litigants is supposedly about David, but it is not in the Bible.
Some say it refers to the story about David's adulterous affair with Bathsheba, since it is somewhat similar to Nathan's story condemning David for sending Bathsheba's husband, Uriah, to be killed in battle so David could have his wife. But since David is a prophet to Muslims, and Muslim prophets are perfect, that interpretation is not allowed in Islam. (See 2 Samuel 11-12.)
Smite something with a branch (38:44)
What did Allah tell Job to smite with the branch?
See here for an interesting interpretation of this verse.
Dhu'l-Kifl (38:48)
No one knows who Dhu'l-Kifl is, though some Muslim commentators say he was Elijah, Joshua, Zachariah, or Ezekiel - or maybe even, the Buddha!
I'm about to create a human out of mire. (38:71)
What were humans created from?
all the angels did, except for Iblis, who became a disbeliever. (38:73-74)
Is Iblis an angel or a jinn?
If Allah wanted a son, he would have created one. (39:4)
Could Allah have a son?
He made eight kinds of cattle. (39:6a)
Allah provided us with eight kinds of cattle.
Although they aren't listed here, they are in 6:142, which says there are eight pairs, but only lists four: sheep, goats, camels, and oxen.
Creation after creation, in a threefold gloom. (39:6b)
No one knows what this means -- except to say that Allah created you in a three-fold gloomy creation in your mother's womb. But you already knew that.
I [Muhammad] am commanded to be the first Muslim. (39:12)
Who was the first Muslim?
Allah forgives all sins. (39:53)
Will Allah forgive all sins?
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